Conquest Theory the theory that early Proto-Indo-European speakers spread westward on horseback, overpowering earlier inhabitants and beginning the diffusion and differentiation of Indo-European tounges Global Language language used commonly around the world Backward Reconstruction the tracking of sound shifts and hardening of consonants backward toward the original language Mutual Intelligibility The ability of two people to understand each other when speaking. Trade Language A language used between native speakers of different languages to allow them to communicate so that they can trade with each other. Multi: More than 1 languages are spoken fluently Orthography a method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols Standard Language The form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications. Lingua Franca a common language used by speakers of different languages Literary Tradition A language that is written as well as spoken Mono-bi-multi Linguality Mono: One Language is spoken fluently Language a system of words used in a particular discipline Language Group a set of languages with a relatively recent common origin and many similar characteristics Language Family A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history. Language Branch A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago.
Creole Language A language that results from the mixing of a colonizer's language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated.
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